Authors: Map – Jędrzej Błaszczak, Analysis – Karolina Czarnowska, Translation – Dominik Wereszko
In the second half of 2025, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz made a total of 19 foreign visits, visiting 15 countries across five continents – in Europe, North America, South America, Africa, and Asia. The list of visits was dominated by European countries, where Merz made as many as 9 visits, which emphasizes the strategic importance of Germany’s relations with other European nations.
In addition to foreign visits, 24 meetings in Berlin were also recorded. The total number of countries whose representatives Merz met with amounted to 28. These visits were also dominated by representatives of European countries.
From the beginning of July to the end of December 2025, Merz met most frequently with French President Emmanuel Macron. Chancellor Merz also met several times with NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte. During the meetings, current challenges facing NATO were discussed, as well as the issue of the situation in Ukraine. Other politicians with whom frequent exchanges occurred in the second half of 2025 include Keir Starmer, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, and Ursula von der Leyen. This results from the fact that Ukraine is currently an important direction of security policy for Germany. The United Kingdom is an important partner regarding European security issues, while France is the most important European partner. Meetings with the President of the European Commission are of great importance in the context of influencing the Commission’s policy. A significant portion of the contacts took place in a multilateral format, examples being the G20 meeting, the European Council, or EU-Africa summits.
A noteworthy event was the summit on European digital sovereignty, which took place on November 18 in Berlin. The summit gathered over 900 decision-makers, industry leaders, investors, researchers, and civil society representatives from 27 EU member states and European institutions. From Poland’s perspective, the 17th German-Polish Intergovernmental Consultations, which took place on December 1, were also significant; during these, a joint declaration on the future of cooperation, security, and defense was discussed, support for Ukraine was confirmed, and assurances of European unity were made.
Summarizing the data regarding Friedrich Merz’s diplomacy in the second half of 2025, we can conclude that his policy was strongly focused on Europe and security, with a clear emphasis on the security situation in Ukraine, close cooperation with key European partners such as France, the United Kingdom, or EU institutions, and the use of multilateral formats to integrate Germany’s actions in security and international policy. Conclusions based on the data show a clear concentration on Europe and key strategic partners.
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